PJPPRP

Self-Consciousness, Couple’s Satisfaction, Maternal-Fetal Attachment and Psychological Distress in Women during Pregnancy

Shawal Shaud — 2024-09-04

Identification of psychological distress, especially in first time pregnant women, is fundamental due to its negative impact on physical and mental health of the mother and the child to be born. The purpose of the present study was to find out the relationship between self-consciousness, couple’s satisfaction, maternal-fetal attachment and psychological distress among first-time pregnant women. The sample (N=100) included first time pregnant women with an age range of 18-37 years (M= 26.23; SD= 3.36) from different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Participants were administered Self Consciousness Scale; The Couple’s Satisfaction Index; Cranley’s Maternal- Fetal Attachment Scale; Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and Demographic Form. The Correlation research design was used. The results of regression analyses revealed that private self-consciousness and social anxiety were positive predictors of psychological distress whereas, public self-consciousness and couple satisfaction emerged to be negative predictors of psychological distress. The current findings have clear implications for mental health practitioners, researchers, and social workers wishing to identify and develop social and clinical therapeutic interventions which enhance positive well-being and decrease psychological distress in pregnant women.

Perceived Parental Criticism Exacerbate Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder Ameliorated by Self-Control in Young Adults

Asma Anwar — 2024-09-04

This study investigated the relationship between perceived parental criticism (PPC) and symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) attenuated by self-control (SC) in young adults. A convenient sample of 139 women and 111 men (N = 250), university students, with an age range of 19 to 30 years (M = 21.34, SD = 1.81) were asked to complete Family Emotional Involvement and Criticism Scale (FEICS, Shields et al., 1992), Brief Self-control Scale (Brief SCS, Tangney et al., 2004), and Borderline Personality Inventory Cut-20 (BPI Cut-20, Leichsenring, 1999). Mediation analyses revealed that PPC did not predict symptoms of BPD directly, however, PPC indirectly did squelch BPD symptoms through SC; PPC negatively and significantly predicted SC, and SC also negatively and significantly predicted BPD symptoms. We will discuss these relationships in clinical contexts where therapy could alter SC in people to reduce their BPD symptoms and perceived parental criticisms.

Perceived Parenting Styles and Body Dissatisfaction among Women

Ayesha Shahid Sheikh — 2024-09-04

This research paper explores the relationship between perceived parenting styles and body dissatisfaction. It is based on a study conducted on adult women (N=308) to explore the relationship between both the variables. Stratified sampling was used to collect data and women belonging to different occupations were included in the study. The Body Dissatisfaction Scale (BDSS), (Tariq & Ijaz, 2010) and Perceived Parenting Styles (PPSS), (Anwar & Ijaz, 2010) were used in the study. The results of the study indicate that controlling parenting style of both mother and father lead to higher body dissatisfaction among women as compared to nurturing parenting style. A significant relationship among higher education and higher body dissatisfaction was also found as the results revealed that women with less education were less dissatisfied with their bodies. There was a significant difference among the body dissatisfaction of both working and non-working women.

Family Functioning, Cognitive Autonomy and Psychological Adjustment In Adolescents

Aqsa Noor — 2024-09-04

The present study aimed to ascertain the relationship among family functioning, cognitive autonomy and psychological adjustment in adolescents. Correlational research design was used in the study. It was hypothesized that there would likely to be a relationship among family functioning, cognitive autonomy and psychological adjustment and that family functioning and cognitive autonomy would predict psychological adjustment in adolescents. It was also hypothesized that cognitive autonomy would likely to moderate relationship between family functioning and psychological adjustment in adolescents. The study sample consisted of 296 participants with an age range of 14-18 years, mean age of 17.29 including 159 males and 137 females, recruited by using convenient sampling strategy. Online data collection was carried out via Google forms by reaching out to the teachers of public and private institutions. The General Functioning subscale of Family Assessment Device, the Cognitive Autonomy and Self-evaluation inventory, and the Personality Assessment Questionnaire were used to determine family functioning, cognitive autonomy, and psychological adjustment, respectively, in adolescents. Pearson Product Moment Correlation, Hierarchical Regression, and Hayes Process Model were used to analyze the data. Results revealed a significant positive relationship among family functioning, cognitive autonomy and psychological adjustment. Further findings revealed that family functioning was a significant predictor of psychological adjustment in adolescents, however, cognitive autonomy was not found as a moderator in the current study. The findings will provide insight about the parents related to adjustment issues of adolescents and mental health professionals to carry out programs related to effective parenting and healthy family functioning.

The Relationship between Attachment Styles and Psychological Distress in Adult Children with Alcoholic Fathers

Ivan Suneel — 2024-09-04

Research suggests that a causal relation exists between alcoholism in fathers and the resulting personality and behavior of the child. Correlational research design was used to explore two variables and purposive sampling was considered the best sampling strategy for a sample of 202 males and 198 females. For the participants, age (18-25) and education (tenth grade as minimum level of education) were the two variables that were controlled. Any child of alcoholic father above or below the age bracket given and possessing lower than 10th grade of education was not selected. Demographic sheet, General health Questionnaire and Adult Attachment Questionnaire were filled out by the participants. A one-way Analysis of Variance revealed significant differences between all three groups. Those with secure attachment styles reported the least psychological distress, followed by the avoidant attachment style group. Those falling into the anxious/ambivalent attachment style reported the highest levels of psychological distress. The results were discussed in the light of the literature review. The alcoholic consumption of the parents and their abusive behavior towards the children can manifest as fear of intimacy, unstable relationships, and lack of confidence and self-worth for the victims. It is further proposed that these problems can carry through generations if left unchecked, creating a plethora of damaged individuals.

Irrational Beliefs as Predictors of Depressive Symptoms Among Urban Adolescents of Lahore, Pakistan

Nosheen K. Rahman — 2006-09-21

The present study was conducted to investigate the role of irrational beliefs in the prediction of depressive symptoms among male and female adolescents of Lahore, Pakistan. A purposive sample of 1000 adolescent males and females with an age range of 13 to 19 years from a non-clinical population was taken from bilingual English medium educational institutions of Lahore. The subjects were administered an Irrational Belief Test to identify the irrational beliefs and Beck Depression Inventory-II to measure the degree of depressive symptoms. In addition, Demographic Questionnaire was given to take background information from them. Self Report Questionnaire was given to take the feed back of the subjects regarding assessment tools. Data were analyzed by using Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation and Multiple Regression Analyses. The results supported the hypotheses that irrational beliefs are important indicators to predict depressive symptoms among male and female adolescents in Lahore, Pakistan. Preventive educational programs can be designed and introduced in the educational institutions for adolescents highlighting
the importance of rational beliefs in maintaining adequate mental health.

Psycho-social Personality Features Among N.W.F.P. Male Population

Farhana Jahangir — 2006-09-21

The main objective of the present investigation was to study the psychological and social aspects of the personality of the participants vis-a-vis their socioeconomic status. The authors realizing the degree of importance attached to the social status in Pakistani society
and its resultant characteristizations of the individuals in the shape of varied interests of the classes, personality traits etc, planned the present project. For this purpose CPI and MMP Iwere administered upon the participants. (N=695). The design of the study was 2x3 factorial, with 2 (low-high scoring subjects on the CPI sub-scales and the neurotic triad of MMPI) and 3 (socioeconomic classes: upper-middle-lower). The results showed a significant difference between the low-high scoring subjects on the two tests, for the three socioeconomic groups .

Psychological Correlates of Epilepsy

Erum Irshad — 2024-02-21

The main objective of the present research was to investigate the vulnerability of epileptics towards various psychological disorders. It was hypothesized that epileptics are significantly different from non-epileptics in terms of their vulnerability to psychological disorders. The sample included 30 epileptics (i.e. grandmal, myoclonic, primary partial seizures, temporal lobe) from Institute of
Neurosciences, Hayat Shaheed Teaching Hospital and Mental Hospital Peshawar and 30 non-epileptics volunteers were selected from the population of Peshawar University. Human Figure Drawing Test (HFDT) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-1) were administered individually on each participant. Results indicated significant qualitative and quantitative differences between epileptics and non-epileptics. Epileptics scored higher than non-epileptics on several clinical scales of MMPI: Among epileptics, patients with temporal lobe epilepsy showed higher mean scores on emotional indicators (of HFDT) as compared to other epileptics and non-epileptics suggesting that epileptic group may have more emotional problems. Therefore, it was concluded that epileptic patients were more anxious, aggressive, insecure and on the whole had poor self- concept and more symptoms of depression.

Psychosocial Correlates of Speech-Language Impairment in the Context of Bilingual Learning Environment in a Multi-Cultural Setting

Aman Ullah Khan — 2006-09-21

Language impairment is a major social and health problem. Most of the speech problems are the result of psychosocial correlates in cross-cultural / cross-linguistic perspectives. Hypotheses were formulated relevant to pro-active mother-child verbal transaction,
bilingual families, medium of instruction, and religious institutions (madressahs). Research entailed a questionnaire administered on speech-language disorders at the educational institutions / and OPD referrals, diagnosed as speech- language disorders, non-organic in Karachi SouthWest District. The data so collected were subjected to chi-square testing. In terms of the stated objectives, overall results of the research study supported two of the hypotheses pertaining to proactive mother-child verbal transaction, and madressah education (religious institution / school), whereas the other hypotheses remained deficient of the required support for the hypothesized variables like mother-father tongue compatibility i.e. monolingual families and medium of instruction.

Fear of COVID-19, Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms and Psychological Well-being: Moderating Role of Harm Avoidance Behaviors among Adults in Lahore, Pakistan

Rizwana Shabir — 2023-12-26

The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship of fear of COVID-19 obsessivecompulsive symptoms, harm avoidance, and psychological well-being among adults, during the pandemic. The study hypothesized that there is a positive association of fear of COVID-19 with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and a negative association with psychological well-being among adults. Further, harm avoidance is likely to moderate the relationship between fear of COVID-19 with obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the psychological well-being. A correlation research design and non-purposive sampling technique were used to select the sample of men between the age range of 28 and 31 years (N=75, 49.3%) and women between the age range of 32 and 35 years (N=74, 50.7%) were recruited via an online survey. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Analysis showed a significant positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. A non-significant negative relationship emerged between fear of COVID-19 and psychological wellbeing. Moderation analysis was run through PROCESS and the findings indicated that harm avoidance behaviors partially moderate the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and psychological well-being. It is recommended that fear of negative events be considered as a target variable for devising interventions for mental health and well-being in both stressful situations and in
clinical practice.