PJPPRP

Clinical Management of Frotteuristic Disorder: A Case Study

Anam Maqsood — 2026-02-02

Effectiveness of Third Wave CBT Techniques for Anger Management among Pakistani University Students

Sidra Zaki — 2026-02-02

This study examines the effectiveness of third-wave Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) techniques in managing anger among university students in Pakistan. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 25 years. A quasi-experimental design was used and conducted in two phases. In the initial phase, 75 participants were screened using the Clinical Anger Scale (CAS). Forty participants exhibiting moderate to severe anger were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In the second phase, the experimental group received third-wave CBT interventions, including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and mindfulness-based techniques, while the control group received treatment as usual. Findings revealed that third-wave CBT techniques led to a significant reduction in anger symptoms compared to the control group. These results highlight the cross-cultural applicability of third-wave CBT and its potential to enhance emotional regulation and resilience among university students.

Development and Validation of ChatGPT Reliance Scale

Syeda Farhana Kazmi — 2026-02-02

As ChatGPT becomes more common in universities, many people are concerned about its effects on students’ learning, research quality, originality, and even procrastination habits. In response, this study developed and validated a detailed ChatGPT Reliance Scale for university students. The goal was to provide a reliable and accurate tool for capturing the complex ways students use ChatGPT in higher education. To this end, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1,000 students from various universities and postgraduate colleges in Abbottabad and Peshawar. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on the first segment of the dataset, comprising 409 participants. The EFA indicated a three-factor structure that explained 61.99% of the total variance. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was then conducted on the remaining 400 participants, supporting the three-factor model and yielding acceptable fit indices (χ² (235) = 1074, p < .001; CMIN/DF = 4.57; CFI = 0.91; GFI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.06). All factor loadings were statistically significant (p < .001) and ranged from 0.54 to 0.85. Overall, the scale demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.92, McDonald’s ω = 0.93), suggesting it is a reliable instrument for assessing how and to what extent university students rely on ChatGPT.

Appearance Anxiety, Subjective Happiness and Mental Health Issues among University Students

Noreena Kausar — 2026-02-02

The study measures the relationship among appearance anxiety, subjective happiness and mental health issues in university students. Using Cross-sectional survey research design, a total of 616 students were included in the study through stratified sampling. Data were collected through Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI), Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Using SPSS-24, results indicated a negative relationship between appearance anxiety and subjective happiness and a positive relationship between appearance anxiety and mental health issue (r = .526). Correlation analysis also revealed that there is a significant negative relationship between subjective happiness and mental health issues (r = -.13) among university students. Regression analysis revealed that appearance anxiety is a significant predictor of mental health issues in university students. Through the findings, the role of body image in students’ overall well-being is highlighted. Further, it also sheds light on the importance of mental health related services in the universities for the promotion of mental well-being of students. The significant relationship among appearance anxiety, subjective happiness and mental health issues suggests that providing counseling and intervention services for appearance anxiety not only enhances overall well-being, but also reduces the mental health issues among students.

The Algorithm of Anguish: Examining Doomscrolling and Gen-Z Mental Health

Laiba Labeeb Bajwa — 2026-02-02

The present research explored the association between doomscrolling, and mental health problems in Gen-Z. In this correlational and cross-sectional research, data (N=250) was collected from students of both private and public universities by using purposive and quota sampling technique. The sample included equal number of males, and females (125 each) with age range of 18-25 years. The data collection protocol included permission letter, consent form, demographic sheet, Doomscrolling Scale (DS; Sharma et al., 2022), and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scale (DASS-21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). IBM-SPSS statistics was used to run the statistical analysis. Correlation analysis showed doomscrolling to have a significant positive moderate relationship (0.27^**) with mental health problems. Regression analysis depicted doomscrolling to be a significant positive predictor of mental health problems in Gen-Z. Future research should explore the longitudinal impacts and the effectiveness of digital literacy programs as a preventive approach.

Dowry: Parental Concerns and Expectations in Pakistan

Sana Fatima — 2025-06-30

The current study was conducted to investigate parental views, concerns, and expectations regarding the dowry practice. For this purpose, six fathers and six mothers were interviewed who indulged in dowry practiced. After analyzing data through thematic analysis, three superordinate themes emerged: dowry perspective, concerns behind dowry, and consequences and prevention of dowry. Participants were aware of the concept, origin, and religious basis of the dowry system. They mainly supported limited dowry provision on a daughter‟s wedding but opposed accepting from a daughter-in-law. Participants believed that dowry had a destructive impact at societal, economic, and familial levels and was connected to greediness, delayed marriages, loans, psychological impact, financial miseries, dowry-related violence, and divorce. Eradication measures of the dowry system included promoting awareness and knowledge of Islamic Shariah, the role of media, and developing a sense of equity among the community. This study helped us to understand the core motives behind the provision and acceptance of dowry.

Impact on Language Competence and Cognitive Abilities of Parents and Siblings Interacting with Children Having Mild Intellectual Disabilities

Areesha Batool — 2025-06-30

There is a need to examine how continuous or frequent communication with children having mild intellectual disabilities (MID) impacts the language processing and cognitive abilities of their family members. For this purpose, the observation of a 13 old years child and her family has been systematically conducted over a span of five years (2019-2024). Qualitative Methodology and descriptive mode of writing were used for recording observational data which inculcate documenting behaviors and interactions in real time contexts. The findings of this observational research informs that modifications in behaviors of family occur at two distinct levels. First, during direct interactions with MID children, communicators often adapt their language processing strategies to align with the cognitive and linguistic needs of the children. Second, these adaptations carry over into real-life circumstances beyond interactions with MID children by showing improvements in broader cognitive functions, including memory, problem-solving, attentiveness along with better communication skills. This is not only instrumental in fostering the child’s language and social development, but also significantly enhances the cognitive abilities and language competence of the interacting individuals in their real life experiences, encouraging mutual growth and offering opportunities for inclusive education and stronger community connections.

Emotional Self-disclosure, Relationship Closeness, and Marital Satisfaction among Working and Non-working Married Women

Nabiha Noor — 2025-06-30

This study investigated the differences between emotional self-disclosure, relationship closeness, and marital satisfaction among working and non-working married women. A cross-sectional comparative research design was used. A sample of 200 married women, 100 working and 100 non-working (M age =39.90) were selected through a non-probability purposive sampling strategy. Scales used in the current research included ESDS (Snell, 2013), URCS (Dibble & Levine, 2011), and KANSAS Marital Satisfaction Scale (KMSS) (Schumm & Nichols, 1993). The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 with an independent sample t-test. Results indicated significant differences between the groups, with non-working married women more frequently disclosing emotions, feeling closer in their relationships, and expressing greater satisfaction with their marriages than working married women. Notably, non-working married women showed a greater tendency to disclose happiness-related emotions, whereas working married women disclosed anger more frequently. The findings of this study would be helpful for women planning to get married, as they would understand how their employment may affect their marital life. Moreover, these results could be incorporated into couples counseling programs.

Dark Triads and Ethical Attitudes in Undergraduate University Students

Hidna Iqbal — 2025-06-30

This study explored the association between Dark Triad personality traits—Narcissism, Psychopathy, and Machiavellianism—and ethical attitudes, specifically Idealism and Relativism, in undergraduate university students. It was hypothesized that higher levels of narcissism would be associated with more unethical attitudes (i.e., lower idealism and higher relativism). Additionally, it was predicted that psychopathy and Machiavellianism would show distinct patterns of association with ethical orientations. The study further hypothesized that gender would significantly influence the expression of Dark Triad traits, with men expected to score higher than women. A correlational research design was employed, involving 202 students (101 men, 101 women; age range = 17–24 years; M = 21.27, SD = 1.98). Participants completed the Short Dark Triad-3 (Jones & Paulhus, 2014) and the Ethics Position Questionnaire (Schlenker & Forsyth, 1980). Pearson bivariate correlation revealed that narcissism and psychopathy showed a negative correlation with idealism, however Machiavellianism showed a positively correlation with relativism. Independent samples t-tests indicated that men scored significantly higher than women on all three Dark Triad traits. These findings suggest that each Dark Triad trait differentially relates to ethical attitudes, and that men tend to exhibit more pronounced dark personality characteristics compared to women.

Personality Traits Moderate Parental Style and Emotional-Behavioral Problems in Adolescence

Maria Arshad Malik — 2025-06-30

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of parenting styles on emotional behavioral problems in late adolescents and examine the moderating role of personality traits. The hypotheses of the current study were that there will be a negative effect of parenting styles on emotional behavioral problems in late adolescents, and there will be a moderating role of different personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, negative emotionality and open mindedness) on parenting styles and emotional behavioral problems among late adolescents. The research design used was a cross-sectional survey. The total number of participants were 384 comprising both women and men. Convenient sampling was done and late adolescents from different colleges and universities from Islamabad and Rawalpindi with an age range of 17-22 years participated. Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Regression Analysis, Chi Square Mean, Standard Deviation, Skewness and Kurtosis were used to analyze the results of the research through SPSS. The results of the study were that there is a significant negative effect of parenting style on child’s emotional behavioral problems and there is a moderating role of different personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, negative emotionality and open mindedness) on parenting styles and emotional behavioral problems among late adolescents. This study will assist parents in implementing effective parenting techniques and will reveal the importance of right parenting at appropriate time.